Geophysics
The study of the physics or nature of the Earth and its environment. It deals with the composition and physical phenomena of the earth and its liquid and gaseous envelopes. Areas of studies include the atmospheric sciences and meteorology, geology, seismology, and volcanology, and oceanography and related marine sciences, such as hydrology. By extension, it often includes astronomy and the related astro-sciences.
Environment
The sum total of all the external conditions that effect an organism, community, material, or energy.
Meteorology / Meteorologist
The science and study of the atmosphere and atmospheric phenomena. Various areas of meteorology include agricultural, applied, astrometerology, aviation, dynamic, hydrometeorology, operational, and synoptic, to name a few. A scientist who studies the atmosphere and atmospheric phenomena.
Oceanography
The study of the ocean, embracing and integrating all knowledge pertaining to the ocean’s physical boundaries, the chemistry and physics of sea water, and marine biology.
Hydrology
The study of the waters of the earth, especially with relation to the effects of precipitation and evaporation upon the occurrence and character of water in streams, lakes, and on or below the land surface.